Slide 1
Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU)
Itchy wheals
Itchy wheals (hives)
Plus minus symbol
Angioedema
Angioedema
Skin close-up
Mast cell
Mast cell background
Mast cell
Mast cell receptors Mast cell circular molecules
IgE-dependent
activation1-4
IgE–independent
activation1-8
Mast cell

Mast cell activation1-9,15

IL-4/IL-13 receptors
IL-4
IL-13
Arrow IL4/IL13
IL-4Rα
Arrow IL4Ra to FcεRI
FcεRI
BTK
BTK
B cell
B cell
IgE
IgE
IgE double
Autoallergen
Arrow to B cell
Mast cell

Mast cell activation1-9,15

IL-4/IL-13 receptors
IL-4
IL-13
IL-5
Arrow IL4/IL13
IL-4Rα
Arrow IL4Ra to FcεRI
FcεRI
BTK
BTK
B cell
B cell
IgE
IgE
IgE double
Autoallergen
Arrow to B cell Arrow down Immune cell skin Immune cell text Eosinophil Eosinophil arrows
Eosinophil
EPO
MBP
ECP
SP
SCF
C-KIT
C-KIT
MRGPRX2
MRGPRX2
Histamine
IL-4
IL-13
Other
mediators
Short arrow
Mast cell

Mast cell activation1-9,15

IL-4/IL-13 receptors
IL-4
IL-13
IL-5
Arrow IL4/IL13
IL-4Rα
Arrow IL4Ra to FcεRI
FcεRI
BTK
BTK
B cell
B cell
IgE
IgE
IgE double
Autoallergen
Arrow to B cell Arrow down Immune cell skin Immune cell text Eosinophil Eosinophil arrows
Eosinophil
EPO
MBP
ECP
SP
SCF
C-KIT
C-KIT
MRGPRX2
MRGPRX2
Histamine
IL-4
IL-13
Other
mediators
Short arrow Vasodilation Vasodilation text Wheals Angioderma
Mast cell

Mast cell activation1-9,15

IL-4/IL-13 receptors
IL-4
IL-13
IL-5
Arrow IL4/IL13
IL-4Rα
Arrow IL4Ra to FcεRI
FcεRI
BTK
BTK
B cell
B cell
IgE
IgE
IgE double
Autoallergen
Arrow to B cell Arrow down Immune cell skin Immune cell text Eosinophil Eosinophil arrows
Eosinophil
EPO
MBP
ECP
SP
SCF
C-KIT
C-KIT
MRGPRX2
MRGPRX2
Histamine
IL-4
IL-13
Other
mediators
Short arrow Vasodilation Vasodilation text Wheals Angioderma Itch Arrow sensory left Arrow down sense Neuronal sensitization Neuronal sensitization text
Mast cell

Mast cell activation1-9,15

IL-4/IL-13 receptors
IL-4
IL-13
IL-31
IL-5
Arrow IL4/IL13
IL-4Rα
Arrow IL4Ra to FcεRI
FcεRI
BTK
BTK
B cell
B cell
IgE
IgE
IgE double
Autoallergen
Arrow to B cell Arrow down Immune cell skin Immune cell text Eosinophil Eosinophil arrows
Eosinophil
EPO
MBP
ECP
SP
SCF
C-KIT
C-KIT
MRGPRX2
MRGPRX2
Histamine
IL-4
IL-13
Other
mediators
Short arrow Vasodilation Vasodilation text Wheals Angioderma Itch Arrow sensory left Arrow down sense Neuronal sensitization Neuronal sensitization text Th0/Th2 Basophil Basophil arrow Arrow curve
Mast cell

Mast cell activation1-9,15

IL-4/IL-13 receptors
IL-4
IL-13
IL-31
IL-5
Arrow IL4/IL13
IL-4Rα
Arrow IL4Ra to FcεRI
FcεRI
BTK
BTK
B cell
B cell
IgE
IgE
IgE double
Autoallergen
Arrow to B cell Arrow down Immune cell skin Immune cell text Eosinophil Eosinophil arrows
Eosinophil
EPO
MBP
ECP
SP
SCF
C-KIT
C-KIT
MRGPRX2
MRGPRX2
Histamine
IL-4
IL-13
Other
mediators
Short arrow Vasodilation Vasodilation text Wheals Angioderma Itch Arrow sensory left Arrow down sense Neuronal sensitization Neuronal sensitization text Th0/Th2 Basophil Arrow curve